Nematicide Information
Using nematicides in gardens, gardeners have access to two common nematicide products. There are numerous formulations within each type.
Fumigant nematicides are dispersed rapidly as a gas through the spaces in the soil, thus killing the nematodes living within those spaces. Fumigant nematicides are most effective in moist but well-drained soil with relatively low levels of organic material. Non-fumigant (non-volatile) nematicides are sold as liquids or granules that are applied to the soil surface or mixed into the top of the soil. The active ingredient is released by irrigation or rainfall, and the effectiveness of the chemicals varies depending on a number of factors, including available moisture, soil structure, soil temperature, and organic material content.
How to Use Nematicides
Most products are approved only for commercial applications, as nematicides are highly toxic and should be used only by trained applicators who understand how to mitigate the risks. The chemicals should never be applied when vegetable crops are nearing harvest. Several newer, safer nematicides are currently under study, including biological products based on a fungus that destroys nematode eggs. However, the effectiveness of the products has yet to be proven. University of Florida IFAS Extension notes that the addition of manure, compost, or another organic material is one nontoxic way to reduce the damage caused by nematodes. By improving soil structure and water retention, organic material creates a healthy environment that increases the chances of plant survival even when nematodes are present. Deep, infrequent watering helps create healthy, nematode-resistant roots. Avoid high-nitrogen fertilizers, which produce lush growth and nematode-prone roots. Growing plants in above-ground containers can also reduce damage caused by nematodes. Use only clean potting mix that hasn’t been contaminated by regular garden soil.
